The Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis ( Tb ) Essay Example For Students

The Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis ( Tb ) Essay Epidemiology of TuberculosisWorld travel has become more commonplace and people are no longer destined to remain on a single continent. Travel’s ease and affordability has made the spread of disease easier. One of those diseases that is spread worldwide is tuberculosis (TB). Description of TuberculosisSince ancient times Tuberculosis has been present, also known as Consumption. Despite current advanced medical screenings, diagnostics, and treatment methods, approximately one-third of the world’s population has been exposed and is infected with the organism (Mandal, 2014, para. 2). Becoming infected with TB usually occurs following close proximity with an infected person for a lengthy period of time. CausesTuberculosis (TB) is caused by an infectious bacteria known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. M. tuberculosis is a rod-shaped slow growing bacteria that is hydrophobic. It was first isolated in 1882 by Robert Koch and identified as an infectious disease (Mandal, 2014, para. 8). SymptomsIn active TB, any, all, or none of the following symptoms may be present: persistent cough, fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, fever, hemoptysis, and night sweats. In latent tuberculosis infections, the patient is not contagious and cannot spread the bacteria. Latent TB infection occurs when there is exposure but an immune response occurs which manages the bacteria by walling it off and causing it to be dormant in the body. If a LTBI is treated at this stage, a subsequent active TB infection can be prevented (Murphy Bernardo, 2013, para. 5). We will write a custom essay on The Epidemiology Of Tuberculosis ( Tb ) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mode of TransmissionTuberculosis is transmitted via droplet contact, when someone with an active TB coughs, sneezes, talks, or laughs, very small droplets of saliva or mucous are expelled. .reatment regimen directly observed by a community health worker for at least the first two months. Other TB objectives of WHO include high-quality care for all with TB, reduce suffering and socioeconomic burden associated with TB, protecting vulnerable populations from TB, TB/HIV and multidrug-resistant TB, and to protect and promote human rights in TB prevention, care and control (WHO, 2015c).ConclusionWorldwide tuberculosis deaths each year are second only to HIV in number. There is an estimated need for eight million dollars annually to fund a full response to TB in low and middle income countries. More than fifty companies are involved in the development of improved TB diagnostics and there are fifteen vaccines currently in trials (World Health Organization Press WHO Press, 2014). While the number of TB cases is decreasing, there is more work to be done.

Pros Cons of the Death Penalty and Current Status by Country

Pros Cons of the Death Penalty and Current Status by Country Capital punishment also dubbed the death penalty, is the planned taking of a human life by a government in response to a crime committed by that legally convicted person. Passions in the United States are sharply divided and run equally strong among both supporters and protesters of the death penalty. Quotations from Both Sides Arguing against capital punishment, Amnesty International believes: The death penalty is the ultimate denial of human rights. It is the premeditated and cold-blooded killing of a human being by the state in the name of justice. It violates the right to life...It is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment. There can never be any justification for torture or for cruel treatment.​ Arguing for capital punishment, the Clark County, Indiana, prosecuting attorney writes: There are some defendants who have earned the ultimate punishment our society has to offer by committing murder with ​aggravating circumstances present. I believe life is sacred. It cheapens the life of an innocent murder victim to say that society has no right to keep the murderer from ever killing again. In my view, society has not only the right, but the duty to act in self-defense to protect the innocent.​ And Catholic Cardinal Theodore McCarrick, Archbishop of Washington, wrote: The death penalty diminishes all of us, increases disrespect for human life, and offers the tragic illusion that we can teach that killing is wrong by killing. Death Penalty in the United States The death penalty has not always been practiced in the United States, although Time magazine estimated that in this country, more than 15,700 people have been legally executed since 1700. The Depression-era 1930s, which saw a historic peak in executions, was followed by a dramatic decrease in the 1950s and 1960s. No executions occurred in the United States between 1967 and 1976.In 1972, the Supreme Court effectively nullified the death penalty and converted the death sentences of hundreds of death row inmates to life in prison.In 1976, another Supreme Court ruling found capital punishment to be constitutional. Since 1976, almost 1,500 people have been executed in the United States. Latest Developments The vast majority of democratic countries in Europe and Latin America have abolished capital punishment over the last 50 years, but the United States, most democracies in Asia, and almost all totalitarian governments retain it. Crimes that carry the death penalty vary greatly worldwide, from treason and murder to theft. In militaries around the world, courts-martial have sentenced capital punishments also for cowardice, desertion, insubordination, and mutiny. Per Amnesty Internationals 2017 death penalty annual report, Amnesty International recorded at least  993 executions  in  23 countries  in 2017, down by 4% from 2016 (1,032 executions) and 39% from 2015 (when the organization reported 1,634 executions, the highest number since 1989). However, those statistics do not include China, known as the worlds top executioner, because the use of the death penalty is a state secret. Countries in the table below with a plus sign () indicate that there were executions, but numbers were not received by Amnesty International. Executions in 2017, by Country China: Iran: 507Saudi Arabia: 146Iraq: 125Pakistan: 60Egypt: 35Somalia: 24United States: 23Jordan: 15Vietnam: North Korea: All other: 58Source: Amnesty International As of 2018, capital punishment in the United States is officially sanctioned by 31 states, as well as by the federal government. Each state with legalized capital punishment has different laws regarding its methods, age limits, and crimes that qualify. From 1976 through October 2018, 1,483 felons were executed in the United States, distributed among the states as follows: Executions from 1976–October 2018, by State Texas: 555  Virginia: 113Oklahoma: 112Florida: 96Missouri: 87Georgia: 72Alabama: 63Ohio: 56North Carolina: 43South Carolina: 43Louisiana: 28Arkansas: 31All others: 184 Source: Death Penalty Information Center States and U.S. territories with no current death penalty statute are Alaska (abolished in 1957), Connecticut (2012), Delaware (2016), Hawaii (1957), Illinois (2011), Iowa (1965), Maine (1887), Maryland (2013), Massachusetts (1984), Michigan (1846), Minnesota (1911), New Jersey (2007), New Mexico (2009), New York (2007), North Dakota  (1973), Rhode Island (1984), Vermont (1964), West Virginia (1965), Wisconsin (1853), District of Columbia (1981), American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. Source: Death Penalty Information Center The Moral Conflict: Tookie Williams The case of Stanley Tookie Williams illustrates the moral complexities of the death penalty. Williams, an author and Nobel Peace and Literature Prizes nominee who was put to death on December 13, 2005, by lethal injection by the state of California, brought capital punishment back into prominent public debate. Williams was convicted of four murders committed in 1979 and sentenced to death. Williams professed innocence of these crimes. He was also co-founder of the Crips, a deadly and powerful Los Angeles–based street gang responsible for hundreds of murders. About five years after incarceration, Williams underwent a religious conversion and, as a result, wrote many books and created programs to promote peace and to fight gangs and gang violence. He was nominated five times for the Nobel Peace Prize and four times for the Nobel Literature Prize. Williams admitted his life of crime and violence, which was followed by genuine redemption and a life of unusually good works. The circumstantial evidence against Williams left little doubt that he committed the four murders, despite last-minute claims by supporters. There also existed no doubt that Williams posed no further threat to society and would contribute considerable good. His case forced public reflection on the purpose of the death penalty: Is the purpose of the death penalty to remove from society someone who would cause more harm?Is the purpose to remove from society someone who is incapable of rehabilitation?Is the purpose of the death penalty to deter others from committing murder?Is the purpose of the death penalty to punish the criminal?Is the purpose of the death penalty to take retribution on behalf of the victim? Should Stanley Tookie Williams have been executed by the state of California? Exorbitant Costs The  New York Times  penned in its  Ã‚  op-ed High Cost of Death Row: To the many excellent reasons to abolish the death penalty- it’s immoral, does not deter murder and affects minorities disproportionately- we can add one more. It’s an economic drain on governments with already badly depleted budgets.It is far from a national trend, but some legislators have begun to have second thoughts about the high cost of death row. (September 28, 2009) In a 2016 California had the unique situation of having two ballot measures up for  a vote  that purported would save taxpayers millions of dollars per year: one to speed up existing executions (Proposition 66) and one to convert all death penalty convictions to life without parole (Proposition 62). Proposition 62 failed in that election, and Proposition 66 narrowly passed.   Arguments For and Against Arguments commonly made for supporting the death penalty are: To serve as  an example  to other would-be criminals, to deter them from committing murder or terrorist acts.To punish the criminal for his/her act.To obtain retribution on behalf of the victims. Arguments commonly made to abolish the death penalty are: Death constitutes cruel and unusual punishment, which is prohibited by the Eighth Amendment to the  U.S. Constitution. Also, the various means used by the state to kill a criminal are cruel.The death penalty is used disproportionately against the poor, who cannot afford expensive legal counsel, as well as against racial, ethnic, and religious minorities.The death penalty is applied arbitrarily and inconsistently.Wrongly convicted, innocent people have received death penalty sentences, and tragically, were killed by the state.A rehabilitated criminal can make a morally valuable contribution to society.Killing human life is morally wrong under all circumstances. Some faith groups, such as the Roman Catholic Church, oppose the death penalty as not being pro-life. Countries that Retain the Death Penalty   As of 2017 per Amnesty International, 53 countries, representing about one-third of all countries worldwide, retain the death penalty for ordinary capital crimes, including the United States, plus: Afghanistan, Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Botswana, China, Comoros,  Democratic Republic of Congo, Cuba, Dominica, Egypt,  Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Guyana, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Malaysia, Nigeria, North Korea, Oman, Pakistan, Palestinian Authority, Qatar, Saint Kitts and Nevis,  Saint Lucia,  Saint Vincent  and the Grenadines, Saudi Arabia,  Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Taiwan, Thailand,  Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda,  United Arab Emirates, United States of America, Viet Nam, Yemen, Zimbabwe. The United States is the only westernized democracy, and one of the few democracies worldwide, to not have abolished the death penalty. Countries That Abolished the Death Penalty As of 2017 per Amnesty International, 142 countries, representing two-thirds of all countries worldwide, have abolished the death penalty on moral grounds, including: Albania, Andorra, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bhutan, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Burundi, Cambodia, Canada,  Cape Verde, Colombia, Cook Islands,  Costa Rica, Cote DIvoire, Croatia, Cyprus,  Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,  Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Estonia, Finland, France, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Holy See (Vatican City), Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kiribati, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta,  Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands,  New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niue, Norway, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Rwanda, Samoa,  San Marino,  Sao Tome  and Principe, Senegal, Serbia (including Kosovo), Seychelles, Slovakia, Slovenia,  Solomon Islands,  South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Timor-Leste, Togo, Turkey , Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine,  United Kingdom, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela. Some others have a moratorium on executions or are taking strides to abolish death penalty laws on the books.

Critically examine the determinants, the benefits and the risks of Essay

Critically examine the determinants, the benefits and the risks of Foreign Direct Investment for Developing Countries, using example of countries of your choice - Essay Example 81). For a country India, that is a developing economy (Banerjee, 2009, p. 75), the element of F.D.I is a mixed phenomenon. It brings along a whole set of conditions, requirements and parameters that are to be taken into regard with reference to processing the foreign direct investment. There are certain industries where the F.D.I benefits the overall health and outlook of the economy, for others there are areas where the Foreign Direct investment does not auger well. This paper looks into the overall scenarios, the determinants, the positives, the negatives, the constraints and considerations that are needed to be taken into account with regard to the Foreign Direct Investment and economy of India. The F.D.I comes into play on account of the meager outlook of the developing states where the resources are limited compared to the overall needs. Owing to this, the country aims for foreign investments. The foreign investment comes along with set of conditions, rules and regulations which makes up for the loss of free environment. Erdal Demirhan and Mahmut Masca have undertaken an investigative study of the developing countries with regard to the F.D.I and the determinants associated with it. Their study takes into account a total of over thirty eight developing countries that have been checked for the impact of F.D.I upon their economy (Demirhan & Masca, 2008). The determinants are presented in the form of variables. These variables are the per capita income, the G.D.P growth rate, labor rates, the overall rate of inflation against the given annual budget and most importantly the tax to G.D.P ratio and overall tax net. These elements have been assessed for to give a clear account of the F.D.I and its overall feasibility against a given economy such as India in this particular case. In order to present the scenario of Indian economy and the overall impact of F.D.I it is important to identify and mention the variables that are mentioned by Erdal Demirhan

Management & organisation behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management & organisation behaviour - Essay Example This book reassures that, success is within the reach of any resolute individual, who is willing to make certain minor behavioral modifications. Primarily targeted at ambitious young adults with self - suspecting tendencies, this book provides ample clarity to all career - seekers on how to do well in their lives. Jack Welch, the author of the book "Straight from the Gut" was the Chairman and CEO of General Electric between 1981 and 2001. He used to be called as Neutron Jack and he was also referred as the world's toughest boss. And then Fortune called him "The Manager of the Century." In his twenty year career at the helm of General Electric, Jack Welch defied conventional wisdom and turned an aging behemoth of corporate innovatin. In his remarkable autobiography - the author taes us on the rough-and-tumble ride that has been his remarkable life. Jack Welch's memoir, JACK: Straight from the Gut, is part autobiography and part business theory text. Welch covers his fast trip from General Electric employee to General Electric CEO, his years in the top job (including an in-depth look at the philosophical positions he brought to and developed while holding that position) and the recent search for his replacement - a search that culminated with his retirement in 2001. In the end, however, JACK is less the story of its author and his theories than it is a love letter to the men and women who helped Jack Welch recreate General Electric over the past two decades. "Straight from the Gut" is an energizing book that tells an American dream story of an unconventional businessman who climbed to the top of one of the world's biggest companies and made it even bigger. Along the way, the reader meets a Jack Welch whose clear enthusiasm and affection for those with whom he worked stands in sharp contrast to his "Neutron Jack" reputation. 3. Charan, Larry Bossidy & Ram. Execution. London: Random House Business Books, 2002. Larry Bossidy is one of the world's most acclaimed CEOs, with a track record for delivering results that has few peers. Ram Charan is a legendary advisor to senior executives and boards of directors with unparalleled insight into why some companies are successful and others are not. The result is the book "Execution" people in business need today. One with a high practical framework for closing the gap between results promsed and results delivered. After a long, stellar career with GE, Larry Bossidy became CEO of Allied Signal and trasnformed it into one of the world's most admired companies. Accomplishments like 31 consecutive quarters of earnings-per-share growth of 13% or more don't just happen. They result from consistent practice of the discipline of execution: understanding how to link the three core processes of any business together: people, strategy and operations. The leader's most important job - selecting and appraising people - is one that should never be delegated. As a CEO Larry personally makes the

IKEA SWOT and Competitive Analysis

IKEA SWOT and Competitive Analysis (S)trengths Strength includes characteristics within the organization that adds value to the business and resulting in the ultimate success of organization. These factors are usually cited as skilled management, manufacturing facilities available and good profit product line available in business. (Finlay, 2000) IKEA has strong internationally brand name recognition. IKEAs branding attracts the major demographic customers. Business model of IKEA is unique in its construction as it has no direct competitions on like for like basis. IKEAs products offer values to customer by delivering low price and innovative products. IKEA carries degree of specialist skills and knowledge within key production areas. (Edvardsson Enquist, 2009; Lewis, 2005; Torekull Kamprad, 1999) (W)eaknesses Weaknesses address the internal factors within the business. Those factors that prevent the achievement of successful projects are mainly barriers in communication channels, insufficient resources and conflicts between departments. (Finlay, 2000) IKEA promotes the low pricing model but services to customers are not satisfactory. Retention of customer focuses that customers should be happy fully with the business services. To repeat business with the same customer base IKEA has to work out on its services that are given to customers. Practices of ecommerce have become necessary for businesses to compete with modern technological world. IKEA needs to adopt such practices for the efficiency of its business. (Ikea, 1995; Levine, 2007) (O)pportunities Opportunity factor in SWOT analysis deals with the external elements that will help the business in the completion of successful projects. Strong network of vendors, healthy relationships with suppliers and prevailing good market conditions these all add values to the project. (Finlay, 2000) Opportunity available to IKEA is growing demand for green products and growing demand for low price products by the customers. Due to liquidity crunch and high inflation demand for low price products is increasing. IKEA is moving towards the global status because of the development of Eastern and European models. (Edvardsson Enquist, 2009; Lewis, 2005; Torekull Kamprad, 1999) (T)hreats Final factor of SWOT analysis is threat. Threat represents the external factors that can threaten the success of project. Threat is the negative public image towards business, week vendor relationship, inadequate resources and unavailability of market for the final product. (Finlay, 2000) Various competitors are entering in market and offering the low cost household and furniture products and causing the threat to IKEAs business. Due to recession in economy, trend of consumers spending and disposal of income has reduced. First time buying pattern by consumers is also threat as consumers spend less when they enter in the market. (Ikea, 1995; Levine, 2007) Context and Key issues Wal-Mart is indirect competitor of IKEA. Wal-Mart runs a chain of large stores whereas IKEA deals only with the home furnishing. Wal-Mart offers extensive products and home furnishing is from one of its product lines. Wal-Mart is biggest public company while IKEA is private company. Wal-Mart has world recognized retail brands as IKEAs. IKEA has no direct competitors but Wal-Mart has to compete with the direct competitors also. IKEA focuses on the low priced product strategy which will affect Wal-Mart as more customers are moving towards IKEA for home furnishing. Wal-Mart strategy is focused on human resource management and development and IKEA strategy gives emphasize to low price products to customer. Services given to customers by IKEA are not up to the mark. Wal-Mart can grab customers form IKEA by focusing on the services and by giving values to customer. Retention of customer is possible when their desires are fulfilled along with these desires customer demands good services from the company. Those companies that are providing good customer service are becoming successful. Wal-Mart by using the information technology to assist its logistic systems can precede the IKEA. Information technology can become the core competence of Wal-Mart and by using this core competency Wal-Mart can excel IKEA. (Lewis, 2005; Maon et al., 2007; Tong Tong, 2006) IKEA can compete vigorously with Wal-Mart by fulfilling the demand of customers. Demands for greener products, demands for low priced products and demand from low carbon footprints are increasingly. IKEA by serving these demands can gain the opportunity to become successful and strong competitor of Wal-Mart in home furnishing product line. IKEA by developing the Eastern and European models can increase its market shares and Wal-Mart profitability can decline. By providing customer with low priced products IKEA can attract the customer in this economic recession period where customers are not spending their income. By offering the low priced products to the customer Wal-Mart can do extremely well with IKEA. Due to inflation and down trend in the buying pattern of customers this strategy can gain success to the company. To overcome the threat of low buying pattern of consumer Wal-Mart can take better measures than IKEA as Wal-Mart is running huge retail business than IKEA. IKEA is providing only home furnishing products. It has more skills and knowledge as it is dealing only with this product line and also IKEA is providing innovative and less price products. IKEA strengths have increased from Wal-Mart in home furnishing products because it is focusing only on this product line. (Lewis, 2005; Maon et al., 2007; Tong Tong, 2006) Conclusion IKEA and Wal-Mart differ in number of ways. For the constructive comparison market segmentation and target market for both IKEA and Wal-Mart has to be considered. Target market of IKEA is only consumers of home furnishing while Wal-Mart deals with huge target market. Influence of IKEA on Wal-Mart is less because Wal-Mart is running huge industry. Market segmentation of Wal-Mart is different from IKEA like Wal-Mart focuses on different demographic segmentation, Psychographics and life style segmentation and behavioural segmentation. Target market of IKEA is different as it is only providing products to consumers who are keen in home furnishing whereas home furnishing is only the niche of Wal-Mart. Strategies of IKEA and Wal-Mart are also dissimilar. IKEA focuses on the low priced and innovative products to customer whereas Wal-Mart focuses on the human management and development of human skills. IKEA has no direct competitors so it does not directly influence other businesses through its strengths and weaknesses. Healthy competition is always done on one to one basis. Weakness of IKEA is also that it has no direct competitor. Presence of direct competitor boosts the company performance. References Edvardsson, B. Enquist, B. 2009, Values-based service for sustainable business : lessons from IKEA, Routledge, London; New York. Finlay, P. 2000, Strategic management : an introduction to business and corporate level strategy, Financial Times Prentice Hall, Harlow. Ikea, A. S. 1995, Democratic design : a book about form, function and pricethe 3 dimensions at IKEA, IKEA, Almhult, Sweden. Levine, J. 2007, Forbes Life Billionaires Ikea, Forbes., pp. 328-. Lewis, E. 2005, Great Ikea! : a brand for all the people, Great brand stories, Cyan, London. Maon, F., Swaen, V., Lindgreen, A. University of Hull. Business, S. 2007, Corporate social responsibility at IKEA : commitment and communication, Hull University Business School, [S.l.]. Tong, C. H. Tong, L. I. 2006, Exploring the Conerstones of Walmarts Succes and Competitiveness, Competitiveness review : CR., 16 (2), pp. 143-9. Torekull, B. Kamprad, I. 1999, Leading by design : the IKEA story, HarperBusiness, New York.

Query letter

Dear Publisher,  Illustration has always been my passion since the last 15 years of my life and now I am at a point from where I can introduce my illustration book, â€Å"Cultural Diversity†, to the readers all across the Globe. My book, â€Å"Cultural Diversity† offers a collective view of the world, in which it highlights the greatness of it. I have traveled extensively across the continents to create my book from my direct experience. Thus â€Å"Cultural Diversity† has become a depiction of wonderful collage of various cultures of Europe, Asia, America and Africa, while identifying the effects of cultures over civilization.I love to communicate with the world with my paintings and especially I love to put forth a message through them that world is much beautiful than we can anticipate – that irrespective of situations there is always the ray of hope, love, amity and fraternity – and I have sincerely tried to show that these universal positive q ualities unify the various civilizations across the globe.These positive qualities that I could observe among all the places I visited, have remained my guiding engine behind the creation of â€Å"Cultural Diversity† – they culminated into a wonderful package of emotion, which then converted them into painting. That package of emotion, however, contains various shades in it – like an intense desire to the hopeless winning hopes or the youths blooming to their best. Thus there are many paintings that contain elements of inspiration for all – which would touch the human mind and tell them to do their bit to come out of the shell of despair and frustration. Pictures tell more than 1000 words, so I believe and that has made me more confident about imbibing the positivism in the readers' mind through my paintings.I believe my proposed book would open a new horizon of ideas regarding how people can find the main chord of unity that exists in every part of the w orld with same qualities known to everyone. My book â€Å"Cultural Diversity† thus, would facilitate its readers to discover that common chord and rediscover the joy of togetherness and fraternity. In the wake of global disharmony, I believe this book would serve a great social cause as well.From a simple perspective, this book would communicate with its readers by two ways – by its paintings/illustrations and by short commentaries on them. This would greatly help a reader to get a comprehensive grasp over the nuances of each culture presented in the book. This brings forth the issue of educational value of this book – which encompasses all the segments of the readers like parents, teachers and researchers, besides the student community.Though â€Å"Cultural Diversity† has been accompanied by Mellitus language, I am ready to present it in other languages too – because the simplicity of the content of this book would pose no hindrance at all their c onversion into any other language. As for the language of the picture, it would appeal the same way to anyone belonging to any culture of language. And it is my paintings that dominates this book, each carrying one or two paragraphs of writing with them.In all, the proposed book   â€Å"Cultural Diversity† contains all my own essences of education, experience, creativity, imagination and utmost passion to serve the world in my own humble way – where the world would stop by and happily think of the joy of togetherness, of wonderful unity in diversity. Thus I would like you to be the bridge between my dream and the reality by being the publisher of â€Å"Cultural Diversity†Looking forward to hearing from youDETAILS OF THE PROJECTI. OVERVIEW OF THE BOOK: â€Å"CULTURAL DIVERSITY†Each painting of the book has evolved out of a particular culture, and thus contains specific elements of that culture to help the reader/viewer identify that. It took a painstakin g amount of research to find out the appropriate characters, social events or other elements that could highlight the uniqueness of a culture. I'm sure, the incorporation of different characters at every page that I have made with special emphasis on remembering them for longer period, would keep its readers engaged from its first page to the last page. â€Å"Cultural Diversity† would also serve as a wonderful documentary of a time that is surely in transition in the wake of globalization – with the advent of Internet and virtual world, the little nuances and customs spread all across the globe among different communities are now becoming the part of history – a good slice of which has been kept alive in my proposed book.This book demonstrates cultural diversity among 19 nationalities with strong cultural features. Between its folds, it holds the message that the world should be peaceful with friendly people living together; no matter what language they speak of what are their other ways of living. This book is an account of my first-hand experience about all the 19 places and their cultures, where I researched painstakingly to gather all the details like traditional costumes, skin colors, facial features, life style, and the styles of their architecture. 19 pieces of painting in the book represent 19 nations, while the last painting combines the features of all 19 nations to form a unique painting to substantiate the final message – â€Å"No matter we differ in color, race or nationality, all of us are the parts of one single journey of civilization on this earth.†The nationalities chosen for the project are: British, Chinese, Japanese, Italian, French, Korean, Thai, Indian, Hindu, African, German, Egyptian, Vietnamese, Greek, Filipino, Turkish, Dutch, Icelander, and Russian. Each painting of them clearly highlights the unique feature of a particular nation, with exaggerated costumes, emphasized facial features and stylized characters. My own imagination too has supplemented the compositions, besides an intense use of my knowledge and skill of painting that I mastered through extensive schooling and practice – in fact this book is the end product of my tenure as a student.II. CATAGORY/NATURE OF THE BOOKThis books belongs to the category of Painting and Illustration. Three examples of other books, viz., â€Å"Jimmy's Books of Paintings†, â€Å"Moster Goose† and â€Å"The Adventures of Abdi† from this category would explain better:1. â€Å"Jimmy's Books of Paintings†: Jiminy he is a famous artist in Taiwan and Japan with lots of titles to his credit. Most of his book have become popular, of which a good many cheater has been made for toy or gift goods. His target readership aims readers from the age group 12 onwards, which would be my target tool. Some of his books have been used as educational items for the younger generations, as Jimmy mostly highlighted the subject à ¢â‚¬ËœLove' in his books.   Accordingly, my book highlights the topic â€Å"Fraternity†.How My Book Differs from Jimmy: Jiminy’s artwork has solid condense smooth contrast, while my art has more contrast impact, intending to drag more of the readers' attention. This is in complete contrast with Jimmy's style. While Jimmy's book speaks about Love, my book wants to establish the power of fraternity – which holds a much larger canvas and much significance in topicality under the present context of deteriorating state of global harmony. Therefore my book promises to attract a larger readership across the globe.2. â€Å"Moster goose†: This is another kind of illustration book, which simply tells some stories with simple painting. This book targets little children’s' market. The illustrations and writings in it are very simple and is not for the readership above 15 at the most.How it Differs from My Book: My book is very complex in a sense that it cont ains something more than an illustration. It speaks its story through the paintings primarily. However, the elements incorporated in the paintings would definitely rouse the interest among children as well. This way my book is miles ahead in the range of possible readership, with its promise to become a part of the growth of the children all across the globe.3. â€Å"The Adventures of Abdi†:   This book uses live sources as its basic design where it tells a complete story with picture.Its Difference with My Book: My book covers more elements than live sources, and instead of telling a single story, it highlights different aspects of different communities across the globe and in the end unifies them in a single painting to put forth the message of fraternity. I have used few paragraph to inform about the communities mostly, thereby leaving much scope for the readers to imagine on their own, while letting the paintings interact with them. Thus my book stands apart in style an d technique from â€Å"The Adventures of Abdi† and also promises to gather much larger readership than it.III. AUTHOR'S BACKGROUNDI have been learning Art for about ten years. There were many reasons why I chose to be an Artist as my lifetime career. While painting a piece of artwork, other than fulfilling the happiness inside of me, it also helps me to put the painful memories of my real life aside. On top of that, my family background took the major role of why I want to be an Artist.Since my parents got divorced before I was born, my mother raised me. While I grew up without having a father by my side, my mother became the most important role in my life. But on my age of fourteen, my mother was confirmed having rectum cancer. That was the most frightening moment of my life. What if she left me and won’t be there for me anymore?Luckily, my mother didn’t leave me. After she got healed, she said to me, â€Å"You must learn something in professional skill. In ca se I must leave you some day, you must have the ability to support your own life in this challenging world.† I love painting since I was little, so I thought maybe I have some talents within this field. But when I decided to join the world of art, my mother had strongly disapproved that idea. She opined that it is hard for an artist to get a stable job in Taiwan, my native the place.Passion overruled the suggestion, as painting happens to be my life. I never feel tired of creating artworks. Fortunately, she listened to my appeal and finally allowed me to choose what I want to be.I spent most of my time on painting. I enjoyed and treasured each of my chances of learning in school and that definitely has improved my painting skill, knowledge of art, composition, color theory and creativity. Initially it was more of a challenge took charge of me, as I wanted to prove my worth as an artist to my mother – but in the end it turned out to be one of pure love for art and nothin g else! Now my hard work is not just aimed to fulfill my mother's dream, but also to fulfill the promises showing in my art.A lot of people use different ways to recall their memories and experiences. For example, writing dairies, recording voices, or taking pictures. My way of recalling my memories and experiences is to paint down what I saw. I have been living in America for five years. America is a very interesting country since it is an international place where people came from different parts of the world. Most of the people I’ve met in this country have actually moved here from another place. With such friends and schoolmates living close by, each of us contribute to form a wonderful global culture here, which perhaps also influenced my thought process to go in creating a book with the concept of global fraternity.IV. TARGET MARKET SEGMENTMy target market segment covers the following features:І) It aims to cater to the market segment between the range of 12 years a nd above.ІІ) It aims to cater to the global audienceІІІ) It aims to keep the price range within the reach of lower or lower middle income group.V. IDEAS ABOUT PROMOTIONThere will be online stores under my personal web site and I will contact the online bookstores operating from Taiwan and US, who would carry promotional campaign with excerpts of my book and downloadable screensavers made with one or two of my paintings. Alongside they would provide easy online retail outlets. A promotional video can also be made with the excerpts of the book. These will be joined by traditional advertisements on the magazines and on the websites.I will open a web blog with the description of the book and promotional literature for it. Besides that I will hold small meetings with friends and peers to hold lecture sessions with the USP of the book. Alongside, I will promote my book with some small giveaways like key holder, small notebooks, etc., all designed with elements taken fr om my book.VI. PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONi) Book Size: 16Ãâ€"12 inch total 40 page including coversii) Printing: Profession Print will be done in China. Digital file request for example print, most example print will be free if we order the amount of print around 5000-10000 books, full color print. Selection of different paper and book cover paper material will change the cost accordingly. This estimate has been received from a printing farm based at Shenzhen city, China, over international phone quote, which puts the basic price range for 5000 prints (hard cover book, double side saint gloss finish on two-pound paper) cost around $2-$3 per book, excluding shipping cost.І) Shipping Cost and Delivery Time: It is about $600, that would   take around 3 week to US.ІV) Estimated Final Cost: Around $4 per book.V) Estimated Sale Price: I will set my book sale price around $16.99 for US, $10 for Asia such as China, Taiwan, Hong Kong.Ends

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